Caveat: I am not a lawyer
Both murder and manslaughter are forms of culpable homicide. You are guilty of culpable homicide if you have killed someone and either intended to cause death or intended to cause serious harm and were reckless as to the possibility of death resulting from your actions. (I'm not sure if that's exactly right, but it's close enough.) So the situation you describe might well be murder.
There are various defences against the charge of murder. Self defence is a complete defence: if you kill someone, but were justified by an pressing need to defend yourself (or maybe someone else) then you may be found not guilty of murder or manslaughter. Provocation is a partial defence: it reduces murder to manslaughter. To claim provocation there are various tests: there must have been a provocative act (but maybe just some harsh words) and it must have caused the offender to lose self control (whatever that means), but furthermore it must have been sufficient to cause a person with ordinary powers of self control to lose self control. To reject a defence of provocation, the jury must be satisfied beyond reasonable doubt that the provocation did not meet these criteria.
So you're on a jury, you know the killing has been preceded by an argument in which harsh words might well have been said. You have to decide whether these harsh words did cause a loss of self control and been sufficient ... etc. Can "You shot me, you bastard!" be claimed as provocation for a second, fatal shot? Not easy.
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